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transmission control protocol
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a core protocol of the Internet protocol suite. It originated in the initial network implementation in which it complemented the Internet Protocol (IP). Therefore, the entire suite is commonly referred to as ''TCP/IP''. TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets between applications running on hosts communicating over an IP network. TCP is the protocol that major Internet applications such as the World Wide Web, email, remote administration and file transfer rely on. Applications that do not require reliable data stream service may use the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which provides a connectionless datagram service that emphasizes reduced latency over reliability.
==Historical origin==
In May 1974, the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) published a paper titled "''A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication.''" The paper's authors, Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn, described an internetworking protocol for sharing resources using packet-switching among the nodes. A central control component of this model was the ''Transmission Control Program'' that incorporated both connection-oriented links and datagram services between hosts. The monolithic Transmission Control Program was later divided into a modular architecture consisting of the ''Transmission Control Protocol'' at the connection-oriented layer and the ''Internet Protocol'' at the internetworking (datagram) layer. The model became known informally as ''TCP/IP'', although formally it was henceforth called the ''Internet Protocol Suite''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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